My followers know, I can never remember, Is it called a heron or a crane? (Heron! Which I will now remember as “hero” with an “n”.) But what I do know is that bird down by the Piscataquog River and I have a special thing going on.
Every time I spot my talisman, I sense something. A lifting of my spirits, an awareness, but also a deep seated sense of gravitas, like I’m supposed to understand something deeper, and that I am entirely missing the point.
At first, years ago, I would just be happy to spot the long-legged bird. Then, as I made the park my own–I know where the ghost pipes grow, where not to pick the mushrooms, where the best garlic mustard still nestles green after the first snow–the heron started to reveal itself to me in new ways.
This year, I have seen it fly up and down the river much more frequently than ever before. I hope it means it has grown used to me, that I, like it, am just part of the forest as I soak up the quiet, soothing energy. (I’m a big proponent of forest bathing as a health practice.)
As I have healed over the years, restoring my health on a cellular level physically and making the never-ending, racing thought-loops disappear, the bird has come to me more and more.
When I see my talisman, I am aware: My frequency has calmed. My energy is in balance with Nature. We are one in the woods. I am grateful.
Do you have such a symbol in your life? A surprise touchstone that immediately grounds you in full awareness?
Here in the Free State of New Hampshire, you’re more likely to encounter a great blue heron, which is common in the region, than a crane. What’s the diffs? The terms “heron” and “crane” refer to different types of birds within separate families, though they look similar due to their long legs, necks, and wading behavior.
Why Two Names?
- Herons belong to the family Ardeidae and include species like the great blue heron, known for their solitary hunting style and curved necks in flight.
- Cranes belong to the family Gruidae and are typically more social, often seen in pairs or groups, and fly with their necks stretched out.
The names help differentiate these birds based on their physical traits, behaviors, and family classifications, even though they share similar habitats and appearances.
Birds resembling cranes or herons, with their long legs, elegant necks, and graceful demeanor, have served as powerful symbols across many cultures and time periods. These birds appear in myths, religion, and art as representations of everything from longevity and good fortune to spiritual messengers and cosmic order. Below is a comprehensive look at the symbolism of cranes, herons, and similar birds across various cultures and mythologies.
1. Ancient Egypt: The Bennu Bird
- Symbolism: The Bennu bird, often depicted as a heron-like creature, was associated with rebirth, the sun, and creation. In Egyptian mythology, the Bennu was linked to the sun god Ra and represented the cyclical nature of life and death. This bird was thought to have created itself out of a burning tree and was believed to regenerate itself, much like the phoenix.
- Example: Images of the Bennu bird are often found in Egyptian tomb paintings and hieroglyphs, where it is shown perched on a tree or the sacred Benben stone, symbolizing resurrection and eternal life.
2. Japanese Mythology: The Crane (Tsuru)
- Symbolism: In Japan, the crane, or tsuru, symbolizes good fortune, longevity, and loyalty. Cranes are often associated with fidelity because they are monogamous, remaining with the same partner for life. Japanese legend holds that folding 1,000 origami cranes grants a wish, often for healing, peace, or longevity.
- Example: Images of cranes are prominent in traditional Japanese art, including kimonos, folding screens, and ukiyo-e woodblock prints, often in scenes with cranes flying gracefully over landscapes or standing in peaceful water settings.
3. Chinese Culture: Symbol of Longevity and Status
- Symbolism: In Chinese culture, cranes represent longevity, immortality, and nobility. The crane is often seen as a messenger between heaven and earth. It is associated with the Taoist immortals, believed to carry sages to the heavens. Cranes are also symbols of wisdom and are commonly depicted with deities, symbolizing high status and elegance.
- Example: Chinese art, including porcelain, paintings, and embroidery, frequently features cranes. They are often shown alongside pine trees or tortoises, both also symbols of longevity, creating a triad of immortality symbols.
4. Greek Mythology: Messengers of the Gods
- Symbolism: In Greek mythology, cranes are associated with Hermes, the messenger god, as symbols of vigilance and communication. The crane’s migratory patterns were thought to indicate the changing seasons, making them symbols of transition and change.
- Example: In ancient Greek vase paintings, cranes often accompany figures of Hermes or appear in scenes depicting the arrival of spring. They were also used in omens and divination, where their flight patterns were believed to carry messages from the gods.
5. Native American Symbolism: Patience and Transformation
- Symbolism: Among various Native American tribes, herons and cranes symbolize patience, self-reliance, and transformation. Tribes like the Zuni see the crane as a rain-bringer, while others regard the heron as a wise and solitary bird that embodies calm persistence and introspection.
- Example: In Native American art and totems, herons and cranes are frequently depicted alongside water and rain symbols, emphasizing their connection to the natural elements and the renewal of life.
6. Celtic Mythology: The Crane Bag
- Symbolism: In Celtic mythology, cranes were seen as mystical creatures that could embody both wisdom and foreboding. According to one legend, the Crane Bag was a magical satchel made from the skin of a transformed woman named Aoife, who had been cursed to live as a crane. The bag held sacred and mystical items, symbolizing wisdom and the power of transformation.
- Example: While not commonly illustrated, the Crane Bag appears in Celtic storytelling, symbolizing the connection between the earthly and mystical realms. In Celtic knotwork and artwork, cranes are often depicted alongside other mythical creatures, emphasizing their ethereal qualities.
7. Indian and Hindu Culture: Symbols of Asceticism and Meditation
- Symbolism: In Hindu mythology, the sarus crane, known for its lifelong monogamous relationships, is a symbol of marital fidelity and spiritual devotion. The crane is also associated with asceticism and meditation, reflecting a quiet but powerful spirituality.
- Example: The crane often appears in Indian art and poetry, symbolizing the peaceful stability and grace that accompany spiritual wisdom. For example, images of sages or hermits meditating by rivers often include cranes as companions, embodying tranquility and purity.
8. Christianity and Medieval Europe: The Vigilant Soul
- Symbolism: In medieval Christian symbolism, cranes represented vigilance, loyalty, and piety. It was believed that cranes would stand guard while others slept, embodying watchfulness and spiritual vigilance. A lone crane keeping vigil symbolizes the soul’s watchfulness against sin.
- Example: Cranes appear in medieval manuscripts and stained glass, particularly in monastic contexts, where they signify the ideals of faithfulness and vigilance.
9. African Mythology: Connection to Creation and Fertility
- Symbolism: In various African cultures, cranes are seen as symbols of fertility and creation. For example, in certain West African myths, the crane is connected with bringing children to earth and is often regarded as a protector of new life.
- Example: The crowned crane, a distinctive bird in East Africa, appears in many traditional African artworks and textiles, often alongside symbols of fertility or abundance. These birds are revered for their beauty and protective nature in many African societies.
10. Modern Symbolism: Peace and Conservation
- Symbolism: In modern times, the crane has come to symbolize environmental conservation, particularly due to the endangered status of many crane species. The International Crane Foundation, for instance, uses the crane as a symbol of peaceful coexistence with nature.
- Example: Artistic representations of cranes in modern environmental campaigns and conservation artwork depict cranes as symbols of harmony, nature preservation, and the need for sustainable practices to protect endangered species.
Examples of Images and Art
- Egyptian Bennu Bird: Ancient tomb carvings often depict the Bennu bird perched atop a stone, symbolizing rebirth.
- Japanese Cranes in Art: Woodblock prints and kimonos often feature cranes, representing happiness and longevity.
- Chinese Porcelain and Embroidery: Elegant crane designs appear frequently, emphasizing status and immortality.
- Greek Vase Art: Cranes depicted in flight or accompanying gods symbolize seasonal changes and divine messages.
- Native American Totem Poles: Cranes and herons, depicted as protectors and water-bringers, often appear alongside other animals on totems.
- Christian Manuscripts: Cranes standing vigil in medieval manuscripts, illustrating the soul’s vigilance.
- Environmental Art: Contemporary illustrations of cranes are common in conservation campaigns, representing endangered species and peaceful coexistence.
From ancient myths to modern symbols, cranes and herons have consistently represented a bridge between the natural and spiritual worlds, embodying longevity, wisdom, and connection. Across history and cultures, their slender, graceful form has inspired reverence, reminding humanity of the cycles of life, nature’s beauty, and the spiritual quest for balance.
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Mental Side Quest:
The words “heron” and “hero” come from different etymological roots, despite their similar spelling.
Heron
- Origin: The word “heron” originates from the Old French word hairon, which was borrowed into Middle English. This term is believed to have roots in the Frankish word haigiro, related to the Proto-Germanic haigrô, also referring to the bird.
- Meaning: The word has retained its meaning over centuries, referring specifically to the long-legged, wading bird in the family Ardeidae. The original Frankish and Proto-Germanic roots may have been onomatopoeic, reflecting the bird’s call.
Hero
- Origin: The word “hero” traces back to the Greek word hērōs (ἥρως), which referred to a “protector” or “defender,” often with divine lineage or extraordinary courage. The term was adopted into Latin as heros and entered Old French before reaching Middle English.
- Meaning: In ancient Greece, a hērōs was someone who performed extraordinary deeds and was often honored after death as a semi-divine figure. Over time, the word evolved to signify anyone who shows great courage or moral strength, especially in the face of adversity.
While “heron” and “hero” share similar sounds in English, their origins are entirely unrelated, with “heron” referring to a bird in nature and “hero” to a person of valor.
The word “crane” comes from the Old English cran, which itself originates from the Proto-Germanic krano- or kranô, all referring to the bird. This Proto-Germanic root is also the source of similar words in other Germanic languages, like German Kranich and Dutch kraan. These words are believed to be onomatopoeic, mimicking the bird’s distinctive call.
In many Indo-European languages, the word for “crane” shares this onomatopoeic origin, often evoking the sound the bird makes. Additionally, because cranes have long, slender necks, their name was later applied to mechanical lifting devices (like construction cranes), as the machinery’s shape resembles the bird’s neck and head.
So, “crane” originally referred to the bird itself, with the meaning later extended to the machinery based on visual similarity.
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Symbolism of Bennu the Bird
In ancient cultures, herons were often referred to by names that reflect their unique characteristics, and some were even associated with mythological or symbolic significance.
1. Ancient Egypt: Bennu Bird
- In Ancient Egypt, the Bennu bird was commonly associated with a heron-like creature, especially the great blue heron. The Bennu bird was linked to the sun god Ra and represented rebirth, the sun, and the cycle of life. It played a significant role in Egyptian mythology and is often considered an early prototype for the phoenix myth.
2. Ancient Greece and Rome
- In Greek, the heron was referred to as ἐρωδιός (erodios), which later became ardea in Latin, used by the Romans. These terms were used to refer to herons and their relatives in classical texts.
- The heron was seen as a sacred bird associated with the gods, especially due to its graceful movements and connection to water. In Homer’s Iliad, herons are described as omens from Athena, goddess of wisdom and war.
3. Celtic and Norse Mythology
- In Celtic and Norse cultures, specific names for herons aren’t as directly recorded, but heron-like birds were often depicted as mystical creatures associated with wisdom, patience, and vigilance. They may have had different names depending on the region, but they were seen as messengers or guides in folklore.
These names often reflected the heron’s symbolism and cultural importance in ancient societies, where they were seen as mysterious, graceful creatures often associated with spirituality, wisdom, or divine guidance.
Leggy Birds in Literature
Herons and cranes appear frequently in classical literature, often symbolizing themes of grace, wisdom, or divine intervention. Here are five notable references:
1. Homer’s Iliad (Book 10)
- Reference: In The Iliad, during a critical moment in the Trojan War, Athena sends a heron as a sign to Odysseus and Diomedes. Although they cannot see the bird in the darkness, they hear its cry, which they interpret as a favorable omen for their mission.
- Significance: Herons were seen as messengers from the gods, and here, Athena’s heron offers reassurance to the heroes, underscoring the bird’s association with divine wisdom and guidance.
2. Aristophanes’ The Birds
- Reference: In The Birds, the ancient Greek playwright Aristophanes uses cranes to satirize the gods and human society. Cranes are portrayed as part of a bird-led society, highlighting their beauty and migratory behavior.
- Significance: Cranes represent natural order and harmony with the seasons, a contrast to the chaotic human world. Aristophanes uses them humorously to critique society’s disconnect from nature.
3. Ovid’s Metamorphoses (Book 6)
- Reference: Ovid describes how the character Procne is transformed into a swallow, while her sister Philomela becomes a nightingale, and Tereus, the antagonist, is turned into a hoopoe or a hawk. Cranes are also mentioned as birds with distinctive calls, symbolizing sorrowful cries and transformations.
- Significance: The use of birds in these transformations, including cranes in other passages, reflects themes of grief and transformation, with cranes often symbolizing the mournful or mystical side of nature.
4. Pliny the Elder’s Natural History
- Reference: In his Natural History, Pliny the Elder describes the behavior of cranes during migration, noting how they fly in a V-formation and place a sentry to guard them while they rest.
- Significance: Pliny attributes intelligence and strategic wisdom to cranes, reflecting a Roman admiration for their discipline and cooperation, which served as a metaphor for military and social order.
5. Aesop’s Fables
- Reference: In the fable The Fox and the Crane, Aesop tells of a fox inviting a crane to dinner, serving food on a flat plate that the crane cannot eat from due to its long beak. In turn, the crane invites the fox and serves the meal in a long-necked jar, which the fox cannot access.
- Significance: The crane here symbolizes cleverness and fairness, embodying the moral of treating others as they treat you. Herons and cranes often appear in Aesop’s fables as symbols of wisdom and ingenuity.
These classical references highlight how herons and cranes served as symbols of wisdom, guidance, loyalty, and nature’s beauty. They often play a role in moral lessons, natural observations, and depictions of divine influence, revealing their respected status in ancient literature and myth.
Biblical References
In the Bible, cranes and herons are mentioned a few times, often as part of lists of birds that are either clean or unclean according to Mosaic law or as part of poetic passages where birds serve as metaphors. Here are the primary references:
1. Leviticus 11:19 and Deuteronomy 14:18
- Reference: These verses list birds that are considered unclean for consumption according to Mosaic law. The heron is included in these lists alongside other birds.
- Significance: While specific symbolism isn’t attached to the heron here, its inclusion among unclean animals reflects ancient dietary customs and the symbolic association of certain birds with purity or impurity.
2. Isaiah 38:14
- Reference: In this verse, King Hezekiah, while lamenting his suffering, says, “Like a crane or a swallow, so did I chatter: I did mourn as a dove.”
- Significance: Here, the crane’s voice, alongside that of the swallow, is used to convey Hezekiah’s sorrow and distress, comparing his voice to the mournful cries of these birds. The crane’s call is traditionally loud and evocative, making it a fitting metaphor for expressions of deep emotion.
3. Jeremiah 8:7
- Reference: “Even the stork in the heavens knows her appointed times; and the turtledove, the swallow, and the crane keep the time of their coming; but my people do not know the judgment of the LORD.”
- Significance: In this passage, the crane (or possibly another migratory bird, depending on translation) is referenced as a bird that instinctively knows the seasons and migratory paths. This observation is used as a metaphor for Israel’s failure to understand or follow God’s timing and guidance, contrasting the natural order with human disobedience.
In these biblical references, cranes and herons represent themes of natural order, mourning, and purity laws. The Bible uses these birds to draw parallels between the natural world’s instinctive adherence to divine order and human society’s spiritual struggles.
Over the years in the park, I have often wondered about the history of the heron, about its story through time, its significance and glory, so, today, I am grateful for these AI tools that can summarize the information I want at my fingertips–how lucky are we to live in such a time of potential enlightenment? (How careful must we be of the temptation to deceive.)
My heron reminds me of this duality: Of our potential. Of our pasts. You sense the secrets of the world in the span of its wings. In its shyness in the water. In its command of the sky. What my heron is slowly revealing to me, I believe, is a profound awareness of the now, the ever present, but also patience.
Patience with our past selves, flawed as we are. Patience with our future selves, flawed as we will be. But right now, in this moment as I marvel the magnificence of my secret talisman: Perfectly here.
